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Новости/Аналитика

Problems and prospects for the development of hemp breeding in Turkey

24.03.2020

Currently, hemp breeding in Turkey is at the initial stages of its development, with the inherent problems of “child growth” . Despite the fact that the Turkish hemp is not yet competitive with counterparts in Europe , North America or China , but substantial support in its development on the part of government agencies and local authorities in the medium term, lead to the fact that in Turkey will be formed separate hemp economy clusters , which will become quite profitable and in the next 3-5 years will expandUkrainian market of cheap and high-quality Turkish hemp textiles and knitwear , food products , pharmacological preparations and cosmetics made using various components of hemp plant .

For the pages of the profile electronic publication of Ukrainian hemp breeders, the information and analytical platform Hemp Consulting regularly provides information that is not only informative, but also has a predictive nature . Considering the fact that hemp map of Europe shows clear trends , according to which our colleagues from countries bordering Ukraine are not only rapidly developing, but also aggressively entering extremely promising markets in Europe , America , Africa and Asia , as well as actively working on by creating and launching high-margin goods for sale , the editors of the resource invited Hemp Consulting specialists to provide our readers with the minimum amount of information regarding our “map neighbors”. The material below is about Turkey .

History

The history of hemp breeding in the country has a centuries-old tradition of cultivation and use . For centuries, hemp plant has been massively grown in a significant number of Turkish villages and villages. In the Mediterranean, the oldest mention of hemp is found in the territory of modern Turkey , in Antalya. For example, cuneiform Sumerian tablets from Asia Minor describe how to work with a plant named qunubu (Sumerian name for hemp ). In addition, hemp fabric was widely used in this area , the remains of which were found during excavations of the Chatal-Hyuk settlement and whose age is about 9 thousand years. In the Middle Ages, hemp was an integral part of the Pharmacopoeia , and the Prophet Al Khidr, still in one of the religious movements prevalent in Turkey, is associated with hemp . Many facts indicate that the use of hemp in the Ottoman Empire was widespread. Until 1971, when the Turkish army overthrew a government led by Suleiman Demirel (did not want to reduce hemp production despite pressure from the US administration ), Turkey was one of the largest producers of hemp raw materials in the world .

Modernity

In the middle of the last decade, Turkey began the process of legislativeizing the activities of the modern hemp breeding industry . In October 2016, the Ministry of Food , Agriculture and Livestock of Turkey authorized the government-controlled production of medical hemp in 19 provinces of the country for medical and scientific purposes . This permission applies exclusively to plants with a limited content of tetrahydrocannabinol (less than 0.2%). The full-fledged renaissance of modern hemp breeding in Turkey dates back to the beginning of 2019, when the president of the country , as well as government officials of various levels in their speeches in the media everywhere raised the issue of the need to revive the industry, as well as creating conditions for the rapid development of Turkish hemp breeding, not only in medical , but and in the industrial field . 

Advantages of Turkish hemp breeding

Agricultural producers from various regions of the country extremely positively perceived the government's initiatives to reanimate the hemp industry in Turkey . Local administrations are doing everything possible to provide farmers with any opportunities for growing and later processing the plant . At present, local authorities in the following provinces are actively supporting the development of hemp breeding in the following provinces: Amasya, Antalya, Bartyn, Burdur, Chorum, Izmir, Karabyuk, Kastamonu, Kayseri, Kutahye, Malatya, Ordu, Rize, Samsun, Sinope, Sivas, Tokat , Ushake, Yozdakult, Yozgate.

At present , the food and cosmetic direction of modern hemp breeding is rapidly developing in Turkey , as well as the field of zoo business so far only associated with the use of plants as pet food . Particularly interesting are the initiatives of governmental and non-governmental structures aimed at attracting investment in deep and primary processing capacities of both technical and medical hemp . The country is extremely active in work aimed at creating industrial capacities for processing hemp fiber , as well as using various plant components for the production of textile and knitwear , biocomposite materials, as well as pharmacological preparations . 

Useful for the state and commercial structures of our country is the policy of the Government of Turkey with respect to the possibility of the widespread provision of information about the plant , advertising the study of the various properties of the plant both in the scientific community , and the possibility of cultivating it , processing it , and also using Turkish society in the agricultural and industrial sphere .

Disadvantages

At the moment, there is a total dependence of hemp breeding in the country on imported seed material , which is primarily due to the lack of a fully functioning selection and seed-growing base . The country currently lacks a sufficient number of capacities for primary and deep processing of hemp raw materials , as well as the corresponding modern technologies for its processing . Among other things, the development of the industry significantly inhibits the archaic nature of the regulatory framework that is not able to regulate entire sectors of modern hemp breeding in Turkey .

Conclusions

Currently, hemp breeding in Turkey is at the initial stages of its development, with the inherent problems of “child growth” . Despite the fact that the Turkish hemp is not yet competitive with counterparts in Europe , North America or China , but substantial support in its development on the part of government agencies and local authorities in the medium term, lead to the fact that in Turkey will be formed separate clusters of hemp economy , which will become quite profitable and in the long term 3-5 years there will be an expansion in the Ukrainian market of cheap and high-quality Turkish hemp textiles and knitwear , food products , pharmacological preparations and cosmetics made using various components of hemp plants .

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